Convergence accommodation to convergence (CA/C) ratio: stability with different levels of convergence demand
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Convergence accommodation.
Steady-state accommodation responses were measured in both eyes as a function of vergence angle and direction of lateral gaze. The measurements were made with a binocular laser optometer. Small speckle patterns were used as fusional stimuli in an otherwise dark field. These patterns have the advantage of providing no blur stimulus to accommodation. Convergence accommodation for vergence angles ...
متن کاملAccommodation-convergence relationships and age.
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in accommodative-convergence/accommodation (AC/A) and convergence-accommodation/convergence (CA/C) ratios in subjects with increasing age. The authors aimed to relate the findings to the present theories of the development of presbyopia. METHODS Using a Canon AutoRef R-1 to measure accommodation and an IRIS eye move...
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Aim: Orthoptists are familiar with AC/A ratios and the concept that accommodation drives convergence, but the reverse relationship, that of the accommodation associated with convergence, is rarely con-
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The paper introduces, for age-distribution population vectors, a class of distances to the stable equivalent; each of these distances converges monotonically to zero as the population approaches stability. The Kullback distance, considered earlier to be unique as a measure with this property, turns out to be a mere specimen of this class. It is shown that the very feature of monotonic convergen...
متن کاملReduced vergence adaptation is associated with a prolonged output of convergence accommodation in convergence insufficiency
Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a developmental visual anomaly defined clinically by a reduced near point of convergence, a reduced capacity to view through base-out prisms (fusional convergence); coupled with asthenopic symptoms typically blur and diplopia. Experimental studies show reduced vergence parameters and tonic adaptation. Based upon current models of accommodation and vergence, we ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: British and Irish Orthoptic Journal
سال: 2009
ISSN: 2516-3590
DOI: 10.22599/bioj.11